Type 2 diabetes and Parkinson's disease are two age-related diseases, each considered a major public health problem worldwide. While one is known as a metabolic disorder and the other as a neurodegenerative disease, recent data suggest that they may be epidemiologically linked. The accumulation of amyloidogenic proteins, insulin resistance, and hyperglycemia are as many pathogenic conditions that could explain an epidemiological and biological association between these two diseases. This synthesis aims to describe the common mechanisms of alteration and explore recent therapeutic perspectives common to both diseases.