[Evaluation of changes in serum measles antibody levels in children with tumors before and after chemotherapy and the necessity of revaccination with measles-containing vaccines].
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Objective: To dynamically monitor the changes in measles antibody levels in children with tumors pre-and post-chemotherapy, and to evaluate the necessity of revaccination with measles-containing vaccines post-chemotherapy Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted. Children with tumors under 15 years old who were hospitalized in the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine from January 2022 to December 2023 were included as the case group; healthy children of the same age from the community during the same period were included as the control group. Blood samples were collected from the case group before chemotherapy and at 1 month and 6 months after chemotherapy, as well as from the control group. Measles IgG antibody geometric mean concentration (GMC)>200 mU/ml was defined as positive, and ≥800 mU/ml as protective. The differences in GMC of measles IgG antibody, the positive rate and the protective rate were compared between the case group before chemotherapy and at 1 month after chemotherapy, and between the case group at 1 month after chemotherapy and the control group. Results: A total of 586 children with tumor and 586 healthy children were included, with ages [M (Q1, Q3)] being 5.7 (3.8, 9.8) and 5.8 (3.4, 9.8) years, respectively. The proportions of boys were 52.90% (310 cases) and 53.07% (311 cases), respectively. Compared with pre-chemotherapy, at 1 month post-chemotherapy, the case group showed decreased GMC [(829.7±39.1) vs (1 000.6±44.0) mU/ml], positive rate [82.08% (481 cases) vs 86.01% (504 cases)] and protection rate [32.70% (192 cases) vs 41.47% (243 cases)] (all P<0.05). At 1 month post-chemotherapy, the GMC level, positive rate, and protection rate in the case group were all lower than those in the control group [control group (1 080.6±42.6) mU/ml, 89.59% (525 cases) and 45.22% (265 cases), respectively; all P<0.05]. A total of 87 children with tumors completed the 6-month post-chemotherapy follow-up. The positive antibody rate was 35.63% (31 cases), and the protective rate of measles IgG antibody was 5.75% (5 cases). Conclusions: The levels of measles IgG antibody in children with tumors after chemotherapy decrease compared with those before chemotherapy and are lower than those in the healthy population. When the children's condition is stable and their immune function recovers after chemotherapy, it is necessary to administer revaccination with a vaccine containing measles components again.