Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric evaluation of the Korean version of the Walsh Family Resilience Questionnaire for families of children with chronic illness.
This methodological study culturally adapted the Walsh Family Resilience Questionnaire for Korea and found acceptable reliability and validity among 323 parents of children with childhood cancer, spina bifida, or Down syndrome, with reduced measurement precision at very high resilience levels.
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This methodological study culturally adapted the Walsh Family Resilience Questionnaire for Korea and found acceptable reliability and validity among 323 parents of children with childhood cancer, spina bifida, or Down syndrome, with reduced measurement precision at very high resilience levels.
Research significance
Evidence: the WFRQ-K can measure family resilience strengths and needs in Korean families of children with chronic illness. Inference: if prospectively linked to targeted family-support interventions and patient or caregiver outcomes, it could help select supportive care and monitor benefit, but this study did not test an intervention or demonstrate improved clinical outcomes.
Source abstract
PURPOSE: This study aimed to culturally adapt the Korean version of the Walsh Family Resilience Questionnaire (WFRQ-K) for families of children with chronic illness and evaluate its reliability and validity. DESIGN AND METHODS: This two-phase methodological study followed the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) guidelines. Phase 1 involved translation and cultural adaptation according to World Health Organization guidelines. Phase 2 evaluated the psychometric properties of the WFRQ-K in 323 parents of children with childhood cancer, spina bifida, or Down syndrome. Reliability was assessed using internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and theta-dependent reliability. Structural validity was examined using confirmatory factor analysis. Convergent validity was evaluated through correlations with the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-Korean version, and discriminant validity using heterotrait-monotrait ratios across the three family resilience domains. RESULTS: The WFRQ-K demonstrated strong internal consistency and acceptable test-retest reliability. Theta-dependent reliability remained high from low to moderately high levels of family resilience but declined at very high levels. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the proposed three-factor structure with satisfactory model fit. Positive correlations with individual resilience supported convergent validity, while the three domains remained empirically distinct, supporting discriminant validity. CONCLUSIONS: The WFRQ-K is a culturally appropriate, reliable, and valid measure of family resilience among Korean families of children with chronic illness. Additional item development may improve precision at very high resilience levels. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The WFRQ-K can help pediatric nurses identify family resilience strengths and needs and inform family-centered support.