Post-hoc analysis of a 52-week phase 3 trial showed subcutaneous foslevodopa/foscarbidopa infusion reduced OFF time and increased ON time without dyskinesia similarly in patients with and without prior DBS, with overall comparable safety but a higher rate of severe treatment-emergent adverse events…

RNA-seq of striata from rotenone-treated rats revealed several hundred DEGs including altered Ddc and Angpt2 and dysregulation of circadian genes (Per3 down, Arntl up), pointing to disrupted dopamine synthesis and clock pathways.

This study validates the 35-item PRO-PD patient-reported outcome measure (four-factor structure) as reliable, remotely deployable, and sensitive to patient-perceived longitudinal change in Parkinson's symptoms across motor and non-motor domains.

This small cross-sectional 16S study reports distinct gut and oral microbiota between symmetric and asymmetric PD—higher gut α-diversity and Desulfobacterota enrichment in symmetric PD versus more butyrate-producing bacteria in asymmetric PD, with associated predicted functional pathway differences.

A narrative review summarizing epidemiology, classification, proposed pathophysiology, and clinical management of headaches in Parkinson's disease, noting prevalence (up to ~49%), types (tension-type, migraine), links to motor fluctuations and dopaminergic therapy, and evidence from cohorts and…

About 13% of clinically diagnosed Parkinson's patients were negative on CSF α‑synuclein seed amplification assay and showed distinct clinical features suggesting a subgroup with low or absent Lewy body pathology.

IDEA-FAST is a 24-week, multi-center observational study recruiting 2,000 participants (including 500 with Parkinson's disease) to develop and validate CE-certified digital endpoints for fatigue, sleep quality, and daytime sleepiness using active and passive wearable and digital measures.

Colonic biopsies from iRBD (prodromal PD) and PD patients show increased mRNA for IL-1β and IL-8 (with TNF-α up in PD) despite no detectable changes in gut permeability, tight-junction proteins, or fecal calprotectin.

Review synthesizing evidence that reduced renal function (eGFR, cystatin C) associates with worse PD severity and cognitive decline, proposing uremic toxins, systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, and impaired renal clearance of alpha‑synuclein as mechanistic links in a kidney–brain axis.

Comprehensive review of neural cell-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) detailing their physiological roles, contribution to AD/PD pathology via intercellular spread of pathogenic proteins/nucleic acids, and advances in endogenous/exogenous engineering for brain-penetrant therapeutic…

This review surveys engineered stem cell approaches (gene editing, biomaterials, pretreatment) for CNS repair, emphasizing paracrine actions—neurotrophic factor secretion, immune modulation, and exosome-mediated cargo delivery—and summarizes preclinical benefits across disorders including…

Comprehensive review summarizing molecular drivers of dopaminergic neuron loss in PD—α-synuclein aggregation, lysosomal/chaperone-mediated autophagy failure, mitochondrial dysfunction, calcium dysregulation, apoptosis and ferroptosis—and discussing therapeutic approaches such as mitochondrial…

A broad review of targeting non-coding RNAs (miRNAs, lncRNAs, exosomal RNAs) and associated chemical, computational, delivery, and CRISPR/Cas13 editing strategies for neurodegenerative disease therapy, highlighting proof-of-concept targets and technological enablers but remaining disease-agnostic.

This review synthesizes animal and mechanistic studies indicating that chlorogenic acid (a dietary polyphenol) exerts neuroprotective effects relevant to Parkinson's disease through anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and autophagy-modulating actions, while highlighting gaps in molecular specificity…

Review synthesizing how UPS components (E3 ligases, deubiquitinases) control neuroinflammatory hubs (NF-κB, NLRP3) in AD and PD and highlighting actionable nodes—PINK1/Parkin, Peli1, USP9X—for modulating mitophagy and glial activation.

This review integrates structural (cryo-EM), electrophysiological, and functional evidence that the microglia-enriched K2P channel THIK-1 controls membrane potential, surveillance motility, synaptic pruning, and NLRP3 inflammasome–dependent pyroptosis, and argues THIK-1 is a druggable…

This comprehensive review synthesizes molecular mechanisms by which complement components C3 and C5 drive neuroinflammation, synaptic pruning, and neuronal injury across acute and chronic CNS disorders—including Parkinson's disease—and surveys therapeutic strategies and biomarkers targeting C3/C5…

A fatal case report in a Parkinson's patient links sequential SSRI exposure while on rasagiline to severe serotonin syndrome, with a homozygous CYP2D6*10/*10 pharmacogenotype implicated in drug accumulation and extreme toxicity.

Comprehensive review of blood-brain barrier structure, its role in neurological disease including Parkinson's, and a critical assessment of drug delivery strategies (passive/active targeting, receptor-mediated transcytosis, focused ultrasound, nanoplatforms, biomimetic systems) with preclinical…

This review synthesizes clinical trial evidence that different exercise modalities can improve non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease and discusses dosing considerations and putative neurobiological mechanisms.

Systematic review and meta-analysis of 26 controlled trials (≈2,250 participants) found sustained (≥3 months) improvements in balance, gait, and UPDRS-III after various physiotherapy/exercise interventions, though study heterogeneity was high and evidence rated low-to-moderate.

Systematic review of three small studies (total n=102) finds climbing is a feasible exercise for people with Parkinson's and may modestly improve motor symptoms, but evidence is limited by small samples, heterogeneous methods, and scant mechanistic or non-motor data.

This paper develops a scalable Long-Term Care Needs Index for eight MENA countries by combining demographic ageing, disability prevalence, and transition probabilities from five major NCDs (including Parkinson's) to estimate and project care dependency through 2030.

This study shows that synchronizing N3 slow oscillations with transcranial electrical stimulation (tES) lowers intracranial electrical impedance across sleep stages in healthy adults, consistent with enhanced CSF inflow and potential glymphatic clearance during deep sleep.

Narrative review that synthesizes preclinical and early clinical evidence that SIRT1 activators can counter brain aging by promoting mitochondrial biogenesis, autophagy, and anti-inflammatory/senomorphic actions, with region-specific effects in hippocampus and hypothalamus and potential relevance…