Narrative review proposing that neurosyphilis can produce Parkinsonism via shared mechanisms—BBB disruption, dopaminergic neuronal loss, TLR-driven neuroinflammation—and summarizes diagnostic approaches and potential therapeutic repurposing (β-lactams, doxycycline) and nanoparticle-based…

This review details how soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) degrades anti-inflammatory epoxy fatty acids, summarizes urea- and amide-based sEH inhibitor chemistry and PK, and presents preclinical and early clinical evidence that sEH inhibition can reduce neuroinflammation and provide neuroprotection…

This review synthesizes evidence that CNPY2, an ER-luminal regulator of UPR, mitochondrial dynamics, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, has neuroprotective roles in Parkinson's and Huntington's disease and discusses its therapeutic potential across cancer, cardiovascular, and neurodegenerative…

Narrative review compiling preclinical and clinical evidence that combining exercise-based physiotherapy with pharmacological treatments in Parkinson's disease can enhance neuroprotection—via increased BDNF, reduced oxidative stress and inflammation, and improved motor/non-motor outcomes—while…

Integrated plasma metabolomics, proteomics, and gut metagenomics reveal that RBD-associated PD and idiopathic RBD show a shift from TCA toward glycolysis, dysregulated urea cycle, lipid remodeling, activation of PI3K‑Akt/IL‑17/NF‑κB/MAPK/TNF inflammatory pathways, and accumulation of gut…

This review synthesizes evidence that redox- and modification-dependent extracellular HMGB1 drives neuroinflammation via TLR4/RAGE/CXCR4 and downstream NF-κB/MAPK/JAK-STAT/inflammasome pathways, links HMGB1 dysregulation to Parkinson's disease among other CNS disorders, and summarizes preclinical…

This review proposes that dynamic instability of neuronal lysosomal pH—driven by components such as V-ATPase, TMEM175, SLC7A11, ClC-7 and regulated by AMPK–mTORC1–TFEB—is a pathogenic mechanism in neurodegeneration and outlines strategies to restore lysosomal pH homeostatic resilience as a…

This review synthesizes evidence that selected vitamins influence oxidative stress, inflammation, protein aggregation, neurotransmitter synthesis, and mitochondrial function—and may synergize with coenzyme Q10 to provide neuroprotective benefits across neurodegenerative diseases, including…

Combining MPTP mouse experiments and GEO-based bioinformatics, the paper shows ACE2 deficiency worsens dopaminergic neuron loss, α-synuclein–linked neuroinflammation and lung fibrosis via downregulated FoxO1 and upregulated TNF, JAK1-STAT3 and AGE-RAGE pathways, and it nominates diagnostic hub…

Peripheral microcurrent stimulation improved motor behavior and preserved substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons in MPTP-treated mice, associated with reduced α-synuclein accumulation and downregulation of TLR4, PARP, and cleaved caspase-3.

3-monothiopomalidomide (3MP), a novel thalidomide derivative, reduces α-synuclein aggregation, suppresses microglial inflammatory responses, preserves SNpc dopaminergic neurons, and improves motor and cognitive outcomes in cell and rat α-synuclein oligomer models, outperforming pomalidomide.

In an LPS-induced rat model of Parkinsonism, isotopically enriched 64Zn-aspartate reduced behavioral deficits and apomorphine rotations, normalized systemic inflammatory indices and CRP, shifted circulating and peritoneal phagocytes toward anti-inflammatory phenotypes, partially restored thymus…

ZPT01, a three‑herb formulation, improved motor behavior and protected dopaminergic neurons in MPTP mice and, supported by docking and cell experiments, appears to act via restoring AKT phosphorylation and suppressing COX‑2/PTGS2‑mediated neuroinflammation.

This in silico study uses network pharmacology, molecular docking, 100-ns MD simulations, and DFT to nominate quercetin and kaempferol from the Tianma-Gouteng herb pair as stable binders of AKT1, TP53, and STAT3, linking PI3K-AKT signaling, mitochondrial apoptosis, and neuroinflammation to…

Integrative bulk and single-cell transcriptomics identified 77 shared DEGs between COVID-19 and Parkinson's disease, with enrichment of neuroinflammatory pathways and a marked increase of CHI3L1-expressing astrocytes and enhanced astrocyte–microglia/neuron signaling.

In 6‑OHDA SH‑SY5Y cells and unilateral 6‑OHDA rats, Antrodia cinnamomea conjugated to citrate‑stabilized silver nanoparticles improved cell survival and motor behavior, reduced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, increased TH/PI3K and lowered α‑synuclein and caspase‑3, with partial…

In RAW264.7 macrophages, miR-369-3p directly targets and reduces LRRK2 expression, limits LPS‑induced NF-κB nuclear translocation, restores autophagy markers (LC3II/I, BECLIN-1, p62) and shifts cytokine output toward an anti-inflammatory profile.

This review synthesizes exosome biology and translational advances across neurodegenerative diseases, emphasizing exosome-mediated propagation of misfolded proteins (including α-synuclein), disease-specific exosomal biomarkers, and engineered/ stem cell-derived exosome therapeutics for CNS delivery.

This review links impaired adult neurogenesis in the SGZ and SEZ to chronic inflammation, mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and accumulation of β-amyloid, tau, and α-synuclein in AD and PD, and discusses non‑pharmacological (diet, exercise) and targeted strategies to stimulate…

A recent mechanistic review highlighting galectins (notably galectin-1/3/4/8/9) as multifunctional regulators of microglial activation, vesicle/lysosomal damage sensing, autophagy, and the aggregation/propagation of misfolded proteins including α‑synuclein across CNS disease models.

A mechanism-focused review summarizing pharmacological approaches that modulate the microbiota-gut-brain axis—microbiota-directed therapies, immune-inflammatory modulators, neurotransmitter-targeting agents, and barrier-restoring strategies—with an eye toward translational applications across…

Review synthesizing evidence that polyphenols and exercise reshape the gut microbiota to produce metabolites (SCFAs, urolithins, indoles) that activate Nrf2 signaling and thereby support antioxidant, mitochondrial, and anti-inflammatory defenses relevant to neurodegeneration including Parkinson's…

This study reports zinc–tannic acid coordination nanoparticles that scavenge ROS, inhibit and disaggregate α‑synuclein fibrils, preserve mitochondrial function, and rescue motor/cognitive deficits and dopaminergic neuron loss in a PD mouse model without overt toxicity.

The paper reports MTP150, a polyfunctionalized N-arylsulfonyl indole that ameliorates protein aggregation, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and DNA repair deficits, improving motor performance and neuroprotection in C. elegans, Drosophila, and cellular models of…

ADT-OH, a slow-release H2S donor, induces SQR-dependent mitochondrial uncoupling that activates PINK1–PARKIN–mediated mitophagy in microglia, preventing mtDNA release and cGAS–STING inflammatory signaling in α-synuclein models and rescuing dopaminergic neurons and motor deficits in PD mice.