This systematic review and meta-analysis of 51 studies reports that heterozygous GBA1 L444P carriers have a markedly increased risk of Parkinson's disease (pooled OR ~9.2) across ancestral groups.

This review synthesizes murine α‑synuclein pathology models showing selective degeneration of SNpc dopaminergic neurons (notably ALDH1A1‑ neurons) and implicates mitochondrial and lysosomal dysfunction, calcium dysregulation, presynaptic failure, and neuroinflammation as key mechanistic drivers.

This chapter reviews advances in deep brain stimulation (including MRI-based connectomics and closed-loop neurophysiology) and low-intensity focused ultrasound neuromodulation, covering mechanisms, transducer and skull-correction hardware, and early clinical studies toward biomarker-guided…

Systematic review of 64 studies (6,303 PD patients) finds monogenic PD in Africa is allelicly and locus-heterogeneous but dominated in North Africa by the LRRK2 p.Gly2019Ser founder variant, while over 98% of Sub-Saharan African patients lacked an identified molecular cause.

This systematic review and meta-analysis finds QSM MRI detects disorder-specific iron accumulation—elevated substantia nigra susceptibility in PD, putaminal in MSA, and red nucleus in PSP—with moderate-to-high diagnostic accuracy but notable technical heterogeneity across studies.

Comprehensive review of hydrogel-based brain–machine interface materials, design, and integration strategies emphasizing their mechanical, electrical, and biocompatible properties and discussing invasive/noninvasive systems, clinical translation, and applications including Parkinson’s disease.

Protocol for a randomized feasibility study comparing computational, patient-specific STN-DBS programming based on anatomy and structural connectivity to conventional monopolar review programming in Parkinson's disease.

This polysomnography study shows that ORP measures of sleep depth—particularly the overnight change in ORP (ORPdiff)—differ between PD and OSA groups and that smaller ORPdiff (less restorative sleep) is associated with worse cognition and greater non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease.

Large retrospective cohort (n=405) of young-onset Parkinson disease patients shows both GPi and STN deep brain stimulation improve motor symptoms at 1 and 5 years; STN produced greater medication reduction and modest motor benefit while GPi better reduced dyskinesia and motor fluctuations.

This immunohistochemical study reports widespread neuronal mislocalisation (nuclear loss and cytoplasmic aggregation) of the RNA-binding protein hnRNP K across multiple brain regions in neurodegenerative diseases and aging, with prominent involvement of basal ganglia and a significant correlation…

Scoping review of 60 studies surveying machine- and deep-learning approaches (notably CNNs and LSTMs) using wearable inertial sensors to detect and predict freezing of gait and discussing integration into real-time closed-loop systems.

Systematic review of 41 studies evaluating single-point lower-trunk magneto-inertial sensors for gait and TUG assessment in Parkinson's and parkinsonisms found moderate-quality evidence (12% high-quality), good reporting of technical aspects but poor clinical characterization and protocol…

Systematic review and meta-analysis of 42 studies (2,111 pwPD) found greater gait asymmetry in Parkinson's disease—especially in step length, step time, and swing time—with swing time asymmetry most sensitive and partially responsive to dopaminergic medication.

This study synthesizes clinician and patient priorities—highlighting tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, global motor function, hand/mobility difficulties, depression, and fatigue—to inform the design of a smartphone/wearable digital endpoint (PD-FIDI).

This review synthesizes advances in ocular motor and pupillary biomarkers (oculomics/oculometrics), describing saccadic, pursuit, convergence, and pupillometry abnormalities in Parkinson's disease and proposing eye-tracking and VR-based paradigms for diagnosis and monitoring.

This systematic review and meta-analysis found that Jitter (variation in fundamental frequency) is significantly increased in patients with Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and depression, while Shimmer (amplitude variation) was not consistently different, supporting Jitter as a potential…

Retrospective single-center review of 397 DBS procedures (388 patients) identifying older age and anticoagulant use as predictors of prolonged hospital stay, and infections and skull-mounted implants as leading causes of six-month readmissions.

Systematic review of 89 studies (predominantly in Parkinson's disease) characterizing wearable sensor types, placements (ankle common), and machine-learning algorithms for fall detection and calling for standardized, real-world validation.

Systematic review of eight small, mostly single-center studies (n=555) applying non-imaging clinical-data machine learning (mostly SVM and k-NN) to classify symptoms or predict DBS outcomes in Parkinson's, finding exploratory, heterogeneous methods with limited external validation.

Retrospective audit of 26 atypical parkinsonian patients found orthoptic oculomotor and eye-tracker assessment agreed with final neurology diagnoses in ~80.8% of cases for distinguishing suspected PSP from non-PSP.

Retrospective review of 3,286 PD/ET patients at a tertiary movement disorders center (2012–2022) found 12.1% underwent DBS, with higher odds of surgery among Medi‑Cal recipients and low neighborhood SES and lower odds among younger patients, single individuals, and Asian patients, suggesting…

Qualitative care-pathway study of SMaRT-PD, a home-based remote monitoring and CDSS for Parkinson’s, reporting clinician support for benefits (patient empowerment, earlier identification, clinic efficiency) alongside concerns about reduced face-to-face contact and administrative/clinical…

Cross-sectional and Mendelian-randomization analyses indicate longer leukocyte telomere length is associated with better cognitive performance and causally linked to lower risk of all-cause dementia, Alzheimer’s and vascular dementia, but show no causal association with Parkinson’s disease.

Small qualitative study (n=14, ages 67–92, including some participants with Parkinson disease) found a walking-based mobile exergame increased motivation, goal-setting, feedback, self-monitoring, and routine integration but had limited social feature uptake and varied digital literacy.

Retrospective chart review found Chinese immigrants with idiopathic Parkinson's in NYC had a mean reported diagnostic latency of ~20 months, with gait/postural-onset cases experiencing longer delays than tremor-dominant cases.