In a 2-year longitudinal study of 28 levodopa‑naïve Parkinson's patients, women had significantly higher levodopa AUC and Cmax than men, and in women (but not men) higher exposure correlated with greater wearing‑off and dyskinesia.

This human neuroimaging study reports reduced locus coeruleus neuromelanin signal in PD and subtype-specific directional effective connectivity patterns between the LC, cerebellum, and cortical regions that correlate with motor severity in tremor-dominant versus akinetic-rigid patients.

Introduces CLEAR, a method that aligns LLM embeddings with a disease-specific knowledge graph to improve computational drug-repurposing predictions for ADRD, including Parkinson disease–related dementia, reporting up to 30% performance gains.

In a randomized trial of 105 Parkinson's patients with constipation, adjunct Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis combined with Liuwei'anxiao Capsule improved bowel movement frequency, stool form, patient-reported constipation scores and achieved a higher overall response rate versus either…

In a double-blind, sham-controlled RCT of 60 Parkinson's patients (H&Y 1–3), twice-daily high-intensity tACS added to multidisciplinary intensive rehabilitation produced significantly greater and durable improvements in PDQ-39 quality-of-life scores and reductions in depression and apathy up to 24…

In alpha‑synuclein–overexpressing SH‑SY5Y cells, incense aerosol extracts—particularly the organic phase—induce ROS‑linked mitochondrial dysfunction, programmed cell death, and a shift of alpha‑synuclein from oligomers to monomers, with limited rescue by classical antioxidants compared with…

This review highlights MRI-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound (MRgHIFU) as a noninvasive, tract-based neuromodulation approach using patient-specific diffusion MRI and advanced sequences to directly target pathological white-matter tracts (e.g., dentatorubrothalamic in ET, pallidothalamic in…

In a double-blind randomized trial (STEP-PD), adding bilateral M1 intermittent theta-burst stimulation to a two-week intensive physical therapy program produced a modest but statistically significant acute improvement in OFF-state MDS-UPDRS III (Δ = -4.60, p = 0.034) with exploratory gains in gait…

Comprehensive review of natural and synthetic small molecules—including polyphenols, quinones, alkaloids, metal chelators, osmolytes, and repurposed drugs—that inhibit misfolding and aggregation of amyloid-β, tau, and α-synuclein, with medicinal chemistry and mechanistic discussion.

A nationwide retrospective cohort study found acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (AChEI) use in Parkinson's disease dementia was associated with a 24% reduction in mortality, with larger benefits in females and in late-onset PD and no significant difference between donepezil and rivastigmine.

TCMNet is a computational pipeline that combines LLM-guided literature mining, weighted PPI network analysis, and deep-learning binding predictions to prioritize TCM formulas and constituent compounds for Parkinson's disease, highlighting Tianma Gouteng Decoction, enhanced synergy with levodopa,…

This randomized controlled pilot study found that adding 4 weeks of soft exoskeleton robot (SER) gait training to conventional rehabilitation significantly improved gait speed, stride length, ankle dorsiflexion, balance, and several clinical scales in people with Parkinson disease compared with…

In a small randomized, sham-controlled crossover trial of 25 mild-to-moderate PD patients, two brief sessions of left DLPFC HD-tDCS improved depressive, cognitive, and other non-motor symptom scores versus sham with good tolerability.

Recently abstinent methamphetamine users showed Trail Making Test deficits consistent with Parkinsonian cognitive inflexibility, with intravenous use in women linked to greater errors.

This position-statement review finds MRgFUS thalamotomy is a safe and effective, durable option for refractory essential tremor and yields significant short-term benefit for Parkinsonian tremor, though long-term durability and some adverse effects remain concerns.

This computational study compared fetal astrocytes to neural stem cells, identifying 359 DEGs and ten ECM/adhesion-related hub genes (e.g., COL1A1, LOX, CD44, TIMP1) with drug-gene links to compounds such as estradiol, retinoic acid, and calcitriol.

Using fNIRS in 28 PD-FOG patients and 28 controls, the study shows rhythmic visual or auditory cues (but not their combination) acutely improve gait, increase oxyhemoglobin in PFC and S1, and strengthen functional connectivity among PFC, S1, M1, PMC and temporal/visual areas.

Secondary analysis of two HiBalance trials (n=97) showed that overall balance training did not significantly change balance discordance in PD, but baseline sedentary behavior significantly modified post-intervention discordance in the clinical cohort.

Italian national survey of 424 adults with motor, sensory, or cognitive disabilities (including Parkinson's) identifying rehabilitation priorities, limited access to robotic interventions (39% had used them), higher satisfaction with technology-based rehab—especially for mobility—and strong demand…

Using zebrafish melanoma xenografts and bioinformatics, the authors evaluated Parkinson's drugs amantadine, rasagiline, and carbidopa, reporting LC50 values, limited anti‑melanoma efficacy (only dose‑dependent effects for amantadine), and molecular associations between PD and melanoma.

A UK cross-sectional survey of 102 PD patients on opicapone or entacapone found that increased ON time and reduced OFF time were the most valued benefits, that hallucinations and dyskinesia were the least acceptable side effects, and that clinician communication and follow-up around COMT inhibitor…

This paper presents 16 consensus-based appropriate use recommendations for digital technology in cognitive telerehabilitation for people with Parkinson's disease, developed via SWOT analysis, workshops, and expert survey to address usability, safety, efficacy, and implementation.

A 12-week single-group pilot found Cha-Cha dance training improved balance and cognitive test scores in mild–moderate Parkinson’s patients but lacked a control group.

Qualitative study of 28 people with Parkinson's characterizing barriers, shortcomings, helpful elements, and outcomes of professional psychological support and offering recommendations to optimize care.

This review describes virtual reality's growing use across medicine and notes some beneficial but methodologically limited evidence for motor rehabilitation and symptom management in Parkinson's disease.