Multicenter longitudinal study of 216 early, levodopa‑naïve PD patients shows persistent gender differences in non‑motor symptoms over 2 years—women had greater anxiety, pain, autonomic and quality‑of‑life burden while men had more hypersexuality, daytime sleepiness/visuo‑spatial differences and…
This work supports early, gender‑specific phenotyping that can improve symptomatic management and stratification in clinical trials, but it offers limited direct mechanistic or targetable insights for novel disease‑modifying drug discovery.